What Is Wind Chill?
Wind chill, often reported as the "feels like" temperature, is a measure of the rate of heat loss from the human body due to the combined effect of wind and cold air. It is not the actual temperature of the air, but rather an expression of how cold it feels on exposed skin. The faster the wind blows, the more heat it carries away from your body, making you feel much colder than the thermometer reading suggests.
The Dangers of Wind Chill: Frostbite and Hypothermia
Understanding wind chill is crucial for safety in cold weather. Low wind chill values significantly increase the risk of cold-related health problems like frostbite and hypothermia.
- Frostbite: An injury caused by the freezing of skin and underlying tissues. The first signs are redness or pain, followed by a white or grayish-yellow appearance and numbness.
- Hypothermia: A dangerous drop in body temperature caused by prolonged exposure to cold. Symptoms include shivering, confusion, drowsiness, and slurred speech.
Frostbite Time Estimation Chart
| Wind Chill (°F) | Wind Chill (°C) | Approximate Time to Frostbite |
|---|---|---|
| 0° to -18° | -17° to -27° | Low Risk |
| -19° to -34° | -28° to -36° | 30 minutes |
| -35° to -49° | -37° to -45° | 10 minutes |
| -50° to -64° | -46° to -53° | 5 minutes |
| -65° and below | -54° and below | 2 minutes |
How to Stay Safe in Cold Weather
Protecting yourself from wind chill is essential for your health. Being prepared can make all the difference. For more ways to stay healthy, explore our full suite of Fitness & Health calculators.
- Dress in Layers: Wear multiple layers of loose-fitting, lightweight clothing. An inner layer of synthetic fabric to wick away moisture, a middle layer of fleece or wool for insulation, and an outer layer that is wind and water-resistant.
- Cover Exposed Skin: Wear a hat, mittens (which are warmer than gloves), a scarf, and a face mask to protect all exposed skin.
- Stay Dry: Wet clothing loses its insulating value and causes you to lose heat more quickly.
- Limit Your Time Outside: Pay attention to the wind chill forecast and limit your exposure during periods of extreme cold.